🎯 Quick Overview: فيشر industrial Pressure regulators have set the benchmark for pressure control across oil & gas, chemical, and power generation industries. This comprehensive guide covers the complete product spectrum — from direct-operated regulators to pilot-operated systems with integrated slam-shut protection — with real-world selection criteria that field engineers rely on.
📋 Table of Contents
- Pressure Regulator Working Principles
- Industrial Pressure Regulator Selection Table
- Air & Instrument Gas Regulators
- Steam Regulators
- Tank Blanketing & Vapor Recovery
- Liquid Regulators
- Process Gas Regulators
- Natural Gas & Fuel Gas Regulators
- Pressure Regulator Technical Notes
- قراءات ذات صلة
Pressure Regulator Working Principles
Direct-Operated Pressure Reducing Regulators
A direct-operated pressure reducing regulator uses the process medium’s own pressure to actuate the valve plug against the seat. The downstream pressure acts on a diaphragm or piston, creating a force that opposes a set spring. When downstream pressure rises above setpoint, the diaphragm moves to throttle the valve closed. When pressure drops, the spring opens the valve to restore flow.
💡 Key Characteristics: Direct-operated regulators feature simple design, robust construction, and reliable operation. They are ideal for applications where steady-state accuracy of 10% to 20% is acceptable. For large flow capacity at small pressure drop, a different regulator type must be selected.
Direct-Operated vs Pilot-Operated
Pressure reducing regulators are available in two main operating styles: direct-operated and pilot-operated. Each type has distinct characteristics that make it suitable for different applications.
Direct-Operated Pressure Reducing Regulators
A pilot-operated pressure reducing regulator uses a small “pilot” regulator to control the main valve. The pilot senses downstream pressure and modulates loading pressure to the main valve diaphragm. This separated sensing path eliminates the droop inherent in self-operated designs, achieving precision impossible with direct-acting designs.
✅ Key Characteristics: Pilot-operated regulators are suitable for systems where outlet pressure variation must be less than 10% of setpoint. In addition to the same application features as direct-operated regulators, they can handle larger flow capacity and higher accuracy requirements. Nearly all pilot-operated regulators have external downstream sensing lines.
Relief & Backpressure Regulators
These regulators protect equipment by venting excess pressure or maintaining upstream pressure at the setpoint.
Relief regulators vent excess upstream pressure to protect equipment and piping. Backpressure regulators maintain upstream pressure at the setpoint. Fisher relief and backpressure regulators incorporate flow-limiting devices to reduce system pressure instability (compared to snap-action valves or safety relief valves).
Direct-operated relief regulators: The diaphragm head senses system pressure directly. System pressure typically acts on the diaphragm or plug, balancing against the regulating spring force.
Pilot-operated relief regulators: The pilot uses system pressure as loading pressure applied fully to the main valve diaphragm. When pressure reaches the pilot setpoint, the pilot vents loading pressure to atmosphere or recovery equipment.
⚠️ ملاحظة هامة: For direct-operated relief regulators, full-open flow pressure can exceed setpoint by 40%. For pilot-operated relief regulators, this pressure rise is typically less than 10%. Pilot-operated relief regulators offer higher accuracy, allowing system operating pressure closer to maximum safe levels.
Internal Relief
Some regulators incorporate a built-in relief valve containing a sensing element (main diaphragm), loading element (light spring), and restricting element (seat and plug). Internal relief is commonly used in industrial applications where direct venting to atmosphere is acceptable and low pressure rise is not critical.
Industrial Pressure Regulator Selection Table
Pressure Reducing Regulators
| Type / Series | Operating Style | Connection Size (NPS) | Pressure Range (bar / psig) | Max Inlet (bar / psig) | Max Capacity | وسائط |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67C | Direct-acting | 1/4″ | 0 to 8.6 / 0 to 125 | 17.2 / 250 | 117 Nm³/h / 4,350 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| 67CS | Direct-acting | 1/4″ | 0 to 10.3 / 0 to 150 | 27.6 / 400 | 117 / 4,350 | Air, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| 67D | Direct-acting | نصف بوصة | 0 to 10.3 / 0 to 150 | 27.6 / 400 | 560 / 20,900 | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| 1301 | Direct-acting | 1/4″ | 0.69 to 34.5 / 10 to 500 | 414 / 6,000 | 121 / 4,500 | Air, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| MR95 | Direct-acting | 1/4″ to 2″ | 0.14 to 27.6 / 2 to 400 | 68.9 / 1,000 | 7,600 kg/h / 17,000 lbs/h | Air, Steam, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| SR5 | Direct-acting | 1/2″ to 3″ | 0.14 to 9.3 / 2 to 135 | 14.5 / 210 | 3,096 kg/h / 6,820 lbs/h | Air, Steam, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| 92B | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 4″ | 0.14 to 17.2 / 2 to 250 | 20.7 / 300 | 19,234 kg/h / 42,400 lbs/h | Steam |
| 92S | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 6″ × 4″ | 0.14 to 17.2 / 2 to 250 | 20.7 / 300 | 20,457 kg/h / 45,100 lbs/h | Steam |
| 92C | Pilot-controlled | 1/2″ to 1″ | 0.34 to 17.2 / 5 to 250 | 20.7 / 300 | 1,633 kg/h / 3,600 lbs/h | Steam, Liquid |
Pressure Reducing Regulators (Continued 1)
| Type / Series | Operating Style | Connection Size (NPS) | Pressure Range (bar / psig) | Max Inlet (bar / psig) | Max Capacity | وسائط |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75A | Direct-acting | 1/2″ to 2-1/2″ | 1.4 to 5.5 / 20 to 80 | 13.8 / 200 | 984 l/min / 260 gpm | Liquid |
| 92W | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 4″ | 0.14 to 17.2 / 2 to 250 | 20.7 / 300 | 3,720 l/min / 960 gpm | Liquid |
| 627 | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 2″ | 0.34 to 34.5 / 5 to 500 | 138 / 2,000 | 4,342 Nm³/h / 162,000 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| 627 واط | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 2″ | 0.69 to 34.5 / 10 to 500 | 62.1 / 900 | 310 l/min / 82 gpm | Liquid |
| MR105 | Direct-acting | 1″ to 4″ | 0.34 to 20.7 / 5 to 300 | 27.6 / 400 | 6,240 l/min / 1,650 gpm | Air, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| 1098-EGR | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 12″ × 6″ | 0.01 to 20.7 / 4″ w.c. to 300 | 27.6 / 400 | 45,170 l/min / 11,934 gpm | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| 1190 | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 12″ × 6″ | 0.6 mbar to 0.48 / 0.25″ w.c. to 7 | 27.6 / 400 | 75,335 Nm³/h / 2,811,000 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| 99 | Pilot-controlled | 2″ | 5 mbar to 6.9 / 2″ w.c. to 100 | 69.0 / 1,000 | 7,102 Nm³/h / 265,000 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
| 66 | Direct-acting | 2″ to 4″ | 5 mbar to 0.34 / 2″ w.c. to 5 | 0.69 / 10 | 1,313 Nm³/h / 49,000 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
Pressure Reducing Regulators (Continued 2)
| Type / Series | Operating Style | Connection Size (NPS) | Pressure Range (bar / psig) | Max Inlet (bar / psig) | Max Capacity | وسائط |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T205 | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1″ | 2 mbar to 0.48 / 1″ w.c. to 7 | 13.8 / 200 | 346.2 Nm³/h / 12,919 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
| T205B | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1″ | 2 mbar to 0.48 / 1″ w.c. to 7 | 13.8 / 200 | 498 Nm³/h / 18,568 SCFH | Tank Blanketing |
| Y692 | Direct-acting | 1-1/2″ to 2″ | 2 mbar to 0.69 / 1″ w.c. to 10 | 10.3 / 150 | 531 Nm³/h / 19,820 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
| Y693 | Direct-acting | 1-1/2″ to 2″ | 1 mbar to 0.69 / 0.5″ w.c. to 10 | 10.3 / 150 | 716 Nm³/h / 26,700 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
| 133 | Direct-acting | 2″ | 5 mbar to 4.1 / 2″ w.c. to 60 | 10.3 / 150 | 4,556 Nm³/h / 170,000 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
| ACE95 | Pilot-controlled | 3/4″ to 2″ | -12 mbar to 0.1 / -5″ w.c. to 1.5 | 13.8 / 200 | 13,390 Nm³/h / 499,600 SCFH | Tank Blanketing |
| ACE95jr | Direct-acting | 1/2″ to 1″ | -12 mbar to 0.1 / -5″ w.c. to 1.5 | 13.8 / 200 | 89.2 Nm³/h / 3,330 SCFH | Tank Blanketing |
| ACE95sr | Pilot-controlled | 2″ | -12 mbar to 0.1 / -5″ w.c. to 1.5 | 13.8 / 200 | 13,390 Nm³/h / 499,600 SCFH | Tank Blanketing |
| ACE97 | Pilot-controlled | Pad: 1/2″, 1, and 2 Depad: 1 to 4″ |
Pad: 1 mbar to 0.15 / 0.5″ w.c. to 2.2 Depad: 10 mbar to 0.14 / 4″ w.c. to 2 |
13.8 / 200 | Pad: 13,389 / 499,600 Depad: 2846 / 106,200 |
Tank Blanketing |
| EZR | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 8″ | 15 mbar to 69.0 / 6″ w.c. to 1000 | 103 / 1,500 | 700,498 / 26,138,000 | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
Relief / Backpressure Regulators
| Type / Series | Operating Style | Connection Size (NPS) | Pressure Range (bar / psig) | Max Inlet (bar / psig) | Max Capacity | وسائط |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 299H | Pilot-controlled | 1-1/4″ to 2″ | 9 mbar to 4.1 / 3.5″ w.c. to 60 | 12.1 / 175 | 2,898 Nm³/h / 108,120 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| LR125 | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 4″ | 1 to 10.3 / 15 to 150 | 20.7 / 300 | 7,769 l/min / 2,052 gpm | Liquid |
| LR128 | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 4″ | 2.4 to 25.9 / 35 to 375 | 31.0 / 450 | 12,748 l/min / 3,368 gpm | Liquid |
| Y600A | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1″ | 10 mbar to 0.48 / 4″ w.c. to 7 | 10.3 / 150 | 178 Nm³/h / 6,660 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas, Gas |
| CS800 | Direct-acting | 1-1/4″ to 2″ | 5 mbar to 0.69 / 2″ w.c. to 10 | 125 / 8.6 | 974 Nm³/h / 36,270 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| EZH | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 4″ | 1 to 80 / 14.5 to 1,160 | 103 / 1,500 | 370,724 Nm³/h / 13,833,000 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| 630 | Direct-acting | 1″ to 2″ | 0.21 to 34.5 / 3 to 500 | 103 / 1,500 | 2,573 Nm³/h / 96,000 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| 289 | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 2″ | 0.21 to 34.5 / 3 to 500 | 103 / 1,500 | 2,573 Nm³/h / 96,000 SCFH | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
| 310A | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 4″ × 6″ | 0.69 to 48.3 / 10 to 700 | 103 / 1,500 | 567,356 / 21,170,000 | Air, Process Gas, Gas |
Relief / Backpressure Regulators (Continued 1)
| Type / Series | Operating Style | Connection Size (NPS) | Pressure Range (bar / psig) | Max Inlet (bar / psig) | Max Capacity | وسائط |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 63EG-98HM | Pilot-controlled | 2″ to 8″ × 6″ | 1 to 25.9 / 15 to 375 | 31.0 / 450 | 18,547 l/min / 4,900 gpm | Steam, Liquid |
| MR98 | Direct-acting | 1/4″ to 2″ | 0.14 to 25.9 / 2 to 375 | 27.6 / 400 | 1,150 l/min / 300 gpm | Air, Steam, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| MR108 | Direct-acting | 1″ to 4″ | 0.34 to 20.7 / 5 to 300 | 27.6 / 400 | 5,530 l/min / 1,460 gpm | Air, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| SR8 | Direct-acting | 1/2″ to 3″ | 0.14 to 8.6 / 2 to 125 | 14.5 / 210 | 2,479 kg/h / 5,460 lbs/h | Air, Steam, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| 63EG | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 8″ × 6″ | 0.69 to 27.6 / 10 to 400 | 27.6 / 400 | 235,706 Nm³/h / 8,795,000 SCFH | Air, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| 66R | Direct-acting | 2″ to 4″ | 5 mbar to 0.34 / 2″ w.c. to 5 | 0.55 / 8 | 3,082 Nm³/h / 115,000 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
| T208 | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1″ | 5 mbar to 0.48 / 2″ w.c. to 7 | 5.2 / 75 | 61.3 Nm³/h / 2,286 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| Y696 | Direct-acting | 1-1/2″ to 2″ | 5 mbar to 0.48 / 2″ w.c. to 7 | 1.0 / 15 | 351 Nm³/h / 13,100 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| 1290 | Pilot-controlled | 1″ to 12″ × 6″ | 1 mbar to 0.48 / 0.5″ w.c. to 7 | 0.86 / 12.5 | 8,774 Nm³/h / 327,400 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
Relief / Backpressure Regulators (Continued 2)
| Type / Series | Operating Style | Connection Size (NPS) | Pressure Range (bar / psig) | Max Inlet (bar / psig) | Max Capacity | وسائط |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 119 | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1-1/4″ | 0.21 to 4.1 / 3 to 60 | 10.3 / 150 | — | هواء |
| 167D | Direct-acting | 1/4″ to 1/2″ | 0.21 to 10.3 / 3 to 150 | 27.6 / 400 | — | هواء |
| 167DA | Direct-acting | 1/4″ to 1/2″ | 0.97 to 8.6 / 14 to 125 | 8.6 / 125 | — | هواء |
| 168 | Direct-acting | 1/4″ | 0.14 to 10.3 / 2 to 150 | 10.3 / 150 | — | هواء |
| T205VB | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1″ | 0 to 0.35 / 0 to 5 psig Vacuum | 13.8 / 200 | 66 Nm³/h / 2,468 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| Y692VB | Direct-acting | 1-1/2″ to 2″ | 3 mbar to 0.21 / 1″ w.c. to 3 | 2.1 / 30 | 67 Nm³/h / 2,500 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| T208VR | Direct-acting | 3/4″ to 1″ | 0 to 0.88 / 0 to 12.8 | Full Vacuum | 36.0 / 1,345 | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| Y696VR | Direct-acting | 1-1/2″ to 2″ | 3 mbar to 0.21 / 1″ w.c. to 3 | Full Vacuum | 186 Nm³/h / 6,953 SCFH | Air, Nitrogen Seal, Process Gas |
| 1808 | Pilot-controlled | 2″ | 0.21 to 8.6 / 3 to 125 | 10.3 / 150 | 7,986 / 298,000 | Air, Liquid, Process Gas, Gas |
Air & Instrument Gas Regulators
Air and instrument gas regulators are the workhorses of industrial pressure control. They require no external power, making them ideal for remote locations and hazardous areas where electrical equipment is restricted.
Type 67C Series (Pressure Reducing)
The Type 67C is a compact, high-precision instrument air regulator designed for digital valve controllers (DVC). It can be equipped with 5 or 40 micron filters to protect instruments. Its smart venting and leak-proof design reduce air consumption and improve system reliability. Other options include outlet pressure gauge, low-temperature construction, and panel mount configuration.
- Body size: 1/4″ NPT
- Pressure range: 0 to 10.3 bar / 0 to 150 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 117 Nm³/h / 4,350 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Aluminum and stainless steel
Type 67D Series (Pressure Reducing)
The Type 67D provides economical and precise pressure control across a wide range of applications. This series is ideal for large valve control actuators and rotary valve actuators requiring high-capacity air supply.
- Body size: 1/2″ NPT
- Pressure range: 0 to 10.3 bar / 0 to 150 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 560 Nm³/h / 20,900 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Aluminum and stainless steel
Type 1301 Series (Pressure Reducing)
High-pressure regulator for instrument air supply:
- Body size: 1/4″ NPT
- Pressure range: 0.69 to 34.5 bar / 10 to 500 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 414 bar / 6,000 psig
- Max capacity: 121 Nm³/h / 4,500 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Brass and stainless steel
Type 627 Series (Pressure Reducing)
Direct-operated regulator for low and high pressure systems. Typical air applications include instrument air supply:
- Body sizes: 3/4″, 1″, and 2″ NPT
- Pressure range: 0.34 to 34.5 bar / 5 to 500 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 138 bar / 2,000 psig
- Max capacity: 4,342 Nm³/h / 162,000 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Ductile iron, steel, and stainless steel
The 627’s popularity stems from its simple design — fewer parts mean fewer failure modes. Field technicians can rebuild a 627 in under 30 minutes with basic hand tools. For a deeper dive, see our complete 627 technical manual.
Type MR95 Series (Pressure Reducing)
Compact, large-capacity direct-operated regulator for demanding pressure control applications. Typical applications include large actuator instrument air supply, test equipment, and gas distribution. Also available for differential pressure control, high temperature, and high pressure service:
- Body sizes: 1/4″ through 2″ NPT
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 27.6 bar / 2 to 400 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 68.9 bar / 1,000 psig
- Max capacity: 13,668 Nm³/h / 510,000 SCFH (gas); 1,500 l/min / 397 gpm (liquid)
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy C, and Monel
Type MR98 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
Widely used for corrosive gas and low-temperature gas backpressure / relief applications. Features remote control line, differential pressure control, and high pressure construction options:
- Body sizes: 1/4″ through 2″ NPT
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 25.9 bar / 2 to 375 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 5,510 Nm³/h / 206,000 SCFH (gas); 1,150 l/min / 300 gpm (liquid)
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Monel, and Hastelloy C
For more details, see our MR98 technical specification.
Type 63EG Series (Relief / Backpressure)
Compact, fast-response, high-accuracy backpressure / relief regulator for gas or liquid applications. Easy maintenance with noise reduction trim available:
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 × 6
- Pressure range: 0.69 to 27.6 bar / 10 to 400 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 235,706 Nm³/h / 8,795,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Steam Regulators
Process industries — including refineries, paper mills, and chemical plants — rely on steam for heating and power. Fisher steam regulators handle continuous production demands with high temperature and pressure capabilities.
Type 92B Series (Pressure Reducing)
The Type 92B is the best choice for pressure reducing main valves in industrial process heating applications such as heat exchangers, evaporators, digesters, and reactors. Commercial applications include district heating systems, hot water heat exchangers, absorption towers, and boiler deaerators.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 1-1/2, 2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 17.2 bar / 2 to 250 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 20.7 bar / 300 psig
- Max temperature: 316°C / 600°F
- Max capacity: 19,234 kg/h / 42,400 lbs/h
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type 92S Series (Pressure Reducing)
The Type 92S features a piston actuator for high-recirculation steam systems with excellent durability. This valve must use clean, dry, or superheated steam. It features noise reduction design for quieter operation in commercial heating applications.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 1-1/2, 2, 2-1/2, 3, 4, and 6 × 4
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 17.2 bar / 2 to 250 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 20.7 bar / 300 psig
- Max temperature: 343°C / 650°F
- Max capacity: 20,457 kg/h / 45,100 lbs/h
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type 92C Series (Pressure Reducing)
An economical, cast iron or steel, pilot-operated regulator for steam, liquid, or hot air systems. Its precision design and large capacity make it the best choice for skid-mounted equipment.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/2, 3/4, and 1
- Pressure range: 0.34 to 17.2 bar / 5 to 250 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 20.7 bar / 300 psig
- Max temperature: 343°C / 650°F
- Max capacity: 1,633 kg/h / 3,600 lbs/h
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type SR5 Series (Pressure Reducing)
A compact, large-capacity, direct-operated pressure reducing regulator. Designed for pharmaceutical, biotechnology, food and beverage industries where sanitary design is a fundamental requirement. The SR8 model is also available for backpressure / relief service.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2 × 1, 1-1/2, 2, and 3
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 9.3 bar / 2 to 135 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 14.5 bar / 210 psig
- Max temperature: 204°C / 400°F
- Max capacity: 3,096 kg/h / 6,820 lbs/h
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: 316L stainless steel with 0.5 μm / 20 μin Ra surface finish
Type MR95 Series (Pressure Reducing)
Compact and versatile. The large-capacity MR95 series direct-operated regulator can solve the most demanding pressure control applications. Suitable for steam system pressure reduction.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, and 2
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 27.6 bar / 2 to 400 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 68.9 bar / 1,000 psig
- Max temperature: 343°C / 650°F
- Max capacity: 7,600 kg/h / 17,000 lbs/h
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy C, and Monel
Type MR98 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
The MR98 series can be widely used for steam backpressure / relief applications such as power stations, heating and cooling systems, and process systems. This series also features differential pressure control and high-pressure construction options.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, and 2
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 25.9 bar / 2 to 375 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max temperature: 232°C / 450°F
- Max capacity: 3,300 kg/h / 7,300 lbs/h
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy C, and Monel
Tank Blanketing & Vapor Recovery Regulators
Tank blanketing maintains a protective gas blanket (typically nitrogen) over stored liquids to prevent oxidation, contamination, and vapor loss. Vapor recovery regulators capture and return tank vapors to process, reducing emissions and product loss.
Type T205 Series (Tank Blanketing)
For small tanks or vessels, the T205 is the best choice with easy installation and maintenance. For larger applications, the Y692 in NPS 1-1/2 and 2 is also available.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 2 mbar to 0.48 bar / 1 inch w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 13.8 bar / 200 psig
- Max capacity: 346.2 Nm³/h / 12,919 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
For detailed technical specifications and application insights, see our dedicated article on the Fisher T205 Series: High-Precision Tank Blanketing & Micro-Pressure Control.
Type T205B Series (Tank Blanketing)
The T205B balanced tank blanketing regulator is a direct-operated regulator with fully balanced plug design that reduces inlet pressure sensitivity. It provides precise tank pressure control through large diaphragm area in low-pressure tank blanketing systems.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 5 mbar to 0.48 bar / 2 inches w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 13.8 bar / 200 psig
- Flow direction: مباشرة
- Max capacity: 498 Nm³/h / 18,568 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type T208 Series (Vapor Recovery)
The T208 series is the best choice for small vapor recovery systems. This series can also be used for backpressure / relief service. Larger sizes NPS 1-1/2 and 2 are also available.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 5 mbar to 0.48 bar / 2 inches w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 5.2 bar / 75 psig
- Max capacity: 61.3 Nm³/h / 2,286 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type Y692 Series (Tank Blanketing)
The Y692 direct-operated regulator is suitable for ultra-low pressure tank blanketing systems. Downstream pressure acts directly on the diaphragm through pitot tube for fast response. The large diaphragm area provides precise pressure control even in low-pressure environments. The pitot tube can also create amplified pressure drop, helping to provide greater flow capacity.
- Body sizes: NPS 1-1/2 and 2
- Pressure range: 2 mbar to 0.69 bar / 1 inch w.c. to 10 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 10.3 bar / 150 psig
- Flow direction: مباشرة
- Max capacity: 531 Nm³/h / 19,820 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, WCC steel, and stainless steel
Type Y693 Series (Tank Blanketing)
The Y693 features balanced trim and large diaphragm, enabling direct-operated regulators to achieve pilot-operated accuracy. This design reduces hysteresis and improves sensitivity to low inlet pressures.
- Body sizes: NPS 1-1/2 and 2
- Pressure range: 1 mbar to 0.69 bar / 0.5 inch w.c. to 10 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 10.3 bar / 150 psig
- Max capacity: 716 Nm³/h / 26,700 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type 1190 Series (Tank Blanketing)
The 1190 provides very precise pressure control for low-pressure tank blanketing systems. It helps control emissions and protects against contamination that may occur under atmospheric conditions.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 x 6, and 12 x 6
- Pressure range: 0.6 mbar to 0.48 bar / 0.25 inch w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 75,335 Nm³/h / 2,811,000 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type 1290 Series (Vapor Recovery)
The 1290 vapor recovery regulator offers high accuracy and large capacity. It monitors tank vapor pressure and opens the valve plug when tank pressure exceeds the setpoint. Since it is not affected by pressure changes, the 1290 is the best choice for vapor recovery systems.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 x 6, and 12 x 6
- Pressure range: 1 mbar to 0.48 bar / 0.5 inch w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 0.86 bar / 12.5 psig
- Max capacity: 8,774 Nm³/h / 327,400 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type ACE95 Series (Tank Blanketing)
ACE95’s precise pressure control makes it ideal for low-pressure tank blanketing systems. The large actuator provides high sensitivity to tank pressure changes and improved accuracy. The ACE97 series uses a single product to control both tank blanketing and vapor recovery, minimizing potential setpoint overlap issues.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4, 1, 1 x 2, and 2
- Pressure range: -12 mbar to 0.1 bar / -5 inches w.c. to 1.5 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 13.8 bar / 200 psig
- Flow direction: Straight-through or angle
- Max capacity: 13,390 Nm³/h / 499,600 SCFH nitrogen
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ 316L
Liquid Regulators
When selecting liquid regulators, material characteristics must be considered. Emerson has fully addressed these factors in design, providing regulators with the best acid and corrosion resistance. Fisher brand regulators can work stably for both small and large flow requirements.
Type MR105 Series (Pressure Reducing)
Fast response, large capacity, versatile MR105 direct-operated regulator for multiple applications and fluid media. Available with linear and quick-opening trim cages, meeting API614 standards for lubrication oil system manufacturers.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 0.34 to 20.7 bar / 5 to 300 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 6,240 l/min / 1,650 gpm
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Steel, cast iron, and stainless steel
- Max temperature: 121°C / 250°F
Type MR108 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
Direct-operated, large capacity, multi-purpose relief valve. Widely used for liquids, air, process gas, and other media, providing simple, reliable, economical pressure relief control. Suitable for lubrication oil systems and any application requiring fast response, minimum differential pressure, or handling fluids with impurities.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 0.34 to 20.7 bar / 5 to 300 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 5,530 l/min / 1,460 gpm
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
- Max temperature: 121°C / 250°F
Type 92W Series (Pressure Reducing)
The 92W regulator uses piston actuator, suitable for high-cycle liquid systems. Designed with hardened stainless steel trim for increased durability.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 1-1/2, 2, 2-1/2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 17.2 bar / 2 to 250 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 20.7 bar / 300 psig
- Max capacity: 3,720 l/min / 960 gpm
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron and steel
Type 63EG-98HM Series (Relief / Backpressure)
Compact, fast-response, large-capacity 63EG-98HM series backpressure/relief valve for gas or liquid systems. Ideal for circulation pumps and space-constrained tank installations. Also available for seawater service.
- Body sizes: NPS 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 × 6
- Pressure range: 1.0 to 25.9 bar / 15 to 375 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 31.0 bar / 450 psig
- Max capacity: 18,547 l/min / 4,900 gpm
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy C, Monel, and Alloy 20
Type MR95 Series (Pressure Reducing)
Widely used, compact, large-capacity MR95 series self-operated regulator can solve the most demanding pressure control applications. Suitable for liquid pressure reduction.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, and 2
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 27.6 bar / 2 to 400 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 68.9 bar / 1,000 psig
- Max capacity: 1,500 l/min / 397 gpm
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy C, and Monel
Type MR98 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
MR98 series can be widely used for liquid backpressure/relief applications such as circulation pumps, lubrication oil tanks, heating and cooling systems, and process systems. Features remote control line, differential pressure control, and high-pressure construction options.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, and 2
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 25.9 bar / 2 to 375 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 1,150 l/min / 300 gpm
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Hastelloy C, and Monel
Type LR125 Series (Pressure Reducing)
LR125 pilot-operated reducing regulator designed for liquid industrial/commercial applications. Even in dirty environments, LR125 can work stably and reliably with tight shutoff. Specially designed flow paths and metal seats protect the seat from damage and corrosion. Equipped with 95H pilot and 112 restrictor. Optional strainer prevents large particles from entering the main valve, reducing trim damage.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 1 to 10.3 bar / 15 to 150 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 20.7 bar / 300 psig
- Max capacity: 7,769 l/min / 2,052 gpm
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: WCC steel, CF8M or CF3M stainless steel
- Max temperature: 121°C / 250°F
Type LR128 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
LR128 pilot-operated relief/backpressure regulator designed for liquid industrial/commercial applications. Even in dirty environments, LR128 can work stably and reliably with tight shutoff. Specially designed flow paths and metal seats protect the seat from damage and corrosion. Equipped with 98HM pilot and 112 restrictor. Optional strainer prevents large particles from entering the main valve, reducing trim damage.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 2.4 to 25.9 bar / 35 to 375 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 31.0 bar / 450 psig
- Max capacity: 12,748 l/min / 3,368 gpm
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: WCC steel, CF8M or CF3M stainless steel
- Max temperature: 121°C / 250°F
Type 1098-EGR Series (Pressure Reducing)
High precision, fast response, large capacity 1098 series regulator for low-pressure drop systems. Typical applications include inert gas and plant compressed gas headers.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 x 6, and 12 x 6
- Pressure range: 10 mbar to 20.7 bar / 4 inches w.c. to 300 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 45,170 l/min / 11,934 gpm
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
For detailed operational mechanics, maintenance procedures, and fault recovery solutions, see our dedicated article on the Fisher Type 1098-EGR Pressure Regulators.
Type 75A Series (Pressure Reducing)
The 75A regulator is suitable for residential or industrial water pressure reduction, protecting piping fixtures or instruments during rapid pressure rise. The 75A is self-operated and does not require external control line. Downstream pressure acts directly below the diaphragm; when downstream pressure rises, diaphragm pressure overcomes spring compression, moving the plug upward to limit flow through the regulator.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, 2, and 2-1/2
- Pressure range: 1.4 to 5.5 bar / 20 to 80 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 13.8 bar / 200 psig
- Max capacity: 984 l/min / 260 gpm
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Bronze
- Max temperature: 66°C / 150°F
Process Gas Regulators
Chemical and industrial processes use various gases, requiring regulators with corrosion resistance and chemical compatibility. All regulators used in this field must have corrosion resistance and chemical reaction resistance. Fisher brand regulators, due to the use of different materials, can meet these requirements. Additionally, Fisher brand regulators can complete pressure regulation even in extreme environments — high temperature and cryogenic conditions.
Type 1098-EGR Series (Pressure Reducing)
High precision, fast response, large capacity 1098 series regulator for low-pressure drop systems. Typical applications include inert gas and plant compressed gas headers.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 x 6, and 12 x 6
- Pressure range: 10 mbar to 20.7 bar / 4 inches w.c. to 300 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 303,671 Nm³/h / 11,331,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
The “EGR” designation indicates an External Gas Regulator pilot — the pilot senses downstream pressure and modulates loading pressure to the main valve diaphragm. This separated sensing path eliminates the droop inherent in self-operated designs.
For detailed operational mechanics, maintenance procedures, and fault recovery solutions, see our dedicated article on the Fisher Type 1098-EGR Pressure Regulators.
Type MR95 Series (Pressure Reducing)
Widely used, compact, large-capacity MR95 series self-operated regulator can solve the most demanding pressure control applications. Typical applications include large actuator instrument supply, test equipment, and gas supply. Features differential pressure control, high temperature, and high pressure service.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, and 2
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 27.6 bar / 2 to 400 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 68.9 bar / 1,000 psig
- Max capacity: 13,668 Nm³/h / 510,000 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Monel, and Hastelloy C
Type MR98 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
MR98 series can be widely used for corrosive gas and low-temperature gas backpressure / relief applications. Features remote control line, differential pressure control, and high-pressure construction options.
- Body sizes: NPS 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/2, and 2
- Pressure range: 0.14 to 25.9 bar / 2 to 375 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 5,510 Nm³/h / 206,000 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, stainless steel, Monel, and Hastelloy C
Type T208 Series (Relief / Backpressure)
The T208 series is suitable for small system backpressure / relief applications. This series can also be used for vapor recovery systems. Larger sizes NPS 1-1/2 and 2 are also available.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 5 mbar to 0.48 bar / 2 inches w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 5.2 bar / 75 psig
- Max capacity: 61.3 Nm³/h / 2,286 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type T205 Series (Tank Blanketing)
Compact, easy installation and maintenance T205 regulator is the best choice for low-pressure systems requiring precise control. For larger applications, the Y692 in NPS 1-1/2 and 2 is also available.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 2 mbar to 0.48 bar / 1 inch w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 13.8 bar / 200 psig
- Max capacity: 346.2 Nm³/h / 12,919 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Type T205VB Series (Vacuum Breaker)
The T205VB vacuum breaker provides tight vacuum protection with its large diaphragm area. Optional external control line available. Larger sizes NPS 1-1/2 or 2 are also available. The T208 and Y696VR are also available for vacuum regulator applications.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 0 to 0.35 bar / 0 to 5 psig vacuum
- Max inlet pressure: 13.8 bar / 200 psig
- Max capacity: 66.1 Nm³/h / 2,468 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
Natural Gas & Fuel Gas Regulators
The vast majority of Fisher brand regulators can be used for gas pressure regulation. Since the birth of natural gas, Fisher has maintained an absolute leading position in regulator design, development, and production. Fisher brand gas regulators can meet any commercial and industrial gas pressure regulation needs and provide quality service.
Type 310A Series (Pressure Reducing)
The pilot-operated 310A high-pressure regulator is typically used for applications requiring large capacity, fast response, and precise control. Typical applications include turbine startup and power plant fuel supply.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, and 4 x 6
- Pressure range: 0.69 to 48.3 bar / 10 to 700 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 103 bar / 1,500 psig
- Max capacity: 567,356 Nm³/h / 21,170,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: WCC steel
Type EZR Series (Pressure Reducing)
The EZR pilot-operated pressure reducing regulator is suitable for natural gas transmission and distribution systems as well as industrial/commercial applications. The EZR achieves smooth, quiet operation and tight shutoff.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 1-1/4 x 1, 2 x 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8
- Pressure range: 15 mbar to 69.0 bar / 6 inches w.c. to 1,000 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 103 bar / 1,500 psig
- Max capacity: 700,498 Nm³/h / 26,138,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron and WCC or LCC steel
For detailed specifications, see our Fisher EZR technical profile.
Type Y600A Series (Pressure Reducing)
The Y600 series direct-operated, spring-loaded regulator provides economical pressure control for various residential, commercial, and industrial applications. The large diaphragm area provides more precise control in low-pressure conditions, while the pitot tube can create amplified pressure drop, helping to provide greater flow capacity.
- Body sizes: NPS 3/4 and 1
- Pressure range: 10 mbar to 0.48 bar / 4 inches w.c. to 7 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 10.3 bar / 150 psig
- Max capacity: 178 Nm³/h / 6,660 SCFH gas
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron
Type 1098-EGR Series (Pressure Reducing)
High precision, fast response, large capacity 1098 series regulator for low-pressure drop systems. Typical applications include natural gas distribution systems, industrial boilers, furnaces, and other large-flow industrial/commercial fuel gas supply.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 x 6, and 12 x 6
- Pressure range: 10 mbar to 20.7 bar / 4 inches w.c. to 300 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 27.6 bar / 400 psig
- Max capacity: 303,671 Nm³/h / 11,331,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron, steel, and stainless steel
For detailed operational mechanics, maintenance procedures, and fault recovery solutions, see our dedicated article on the Fisher Type 1098-EGR Pressure Regulators.
Type 99 Series (Pressure Reducing)
The 99 series is suitable for systems requiring precise pressure control and fast response. Typical applications include industrial boilers, gas generators, furnaces, industrial burners, and dryer fuel supply.
- Body size: NPS 2
- Pressure range: 5 mbar to 6.9 bar / 2 inches w.c. to 100 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 69.0 bar / 1,000 psig
- Max capacity: 7,102 Nm³/h / 265,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: Cast iron and steel
Type EZH / EZHSO Series (Pressure Reducing)
The EZH regulator is a high-precision pilot-operated, pressure-balanced, soft-seat regulator for large-flow distribution systems and power plant fuel gas supply. Achieves smooth, reliable operation, tight shutoff, and long service life.
- Body sizes: NPS 1, 2, 3, and 4
- Pressure range: 1 to 80.0 bar / 14.5 to 1,160 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 102 bar / 1,500 psig
- Max capacity: 370,724 Nm³/h / 13,833,000 SCFH
- عملية: Pilot-controlled
- مواد: فُولاَذ
Type 133 Series (Pressure Reducing)
The 133 series is a large-capacity, fast-response regulator for on-off boilers. Its balanced trim enables precise pressure control under varying inlet pressure conditions, maximizing combustion efficiency.
- Body size: NPS 2
- Pressure range: 5 mbar to 4.1 bar / 2 inches w.c. to 60 psig
- Max inlet pressure: 10.3 bar / 150 psig
- Max capacity: 4,556 Nm³/h / 170,000 SCFH
- عملية: Direct-acting
- مواد: Cast iron and steel
Pressure Regulator Technical Notes
All regulator installations must comply with applicable federal, state, and local codes, regulations, and rules.
Pressure Considerations
- Install appropriate overpressure protection devices to prevent regulator operation under overpressure conditions. Provide overpressure protection for downstream equipment in case of regulator failure.
- When downstream pressure significantly exceeds regulator pressure setting, damage to soft seat rings and other internal parts may occur.
- When a regulator cannot achieve its published flow capacity, check inlet pressure at the regulator body inlet connection. Piping upstream or even distant from the regulator may cause significant flow pressure loss, affecting capacity.
- When adjusting setpoint, regulator flow should be at least 5% of normal operating flow.
- Outlet pressure decreases as flow increases — this is called droop. It can be expressed as percentage, inches of water column (mbar), or pounds per square inch (bar). It is the deviation between outlet pressure setpoint and actual outlet pressure at flowing conditions.
- When inlet pressure changes, downstream pressure will typically change to some degree.
- A disc-shaped plug may indicate the regulator is in an overpressure condition. Further inspection is required.
Response Speed and Accuracy
- If multiple springs are available and their published pressure ranges meet the required pressure setting, select the lower range spring for better regulator accuracy.
- Compared to pilot-operated regulators, direct-operated regulators typically respond faster to rapid flow changes.
- Regulator response speed ranking:
- Direct-operated
- Two-path pilot-operated
- Unloading pilot-operated
- Control valve
ملحوظة: Although direct-operated regulators have the fastest response, all types provide fast response.
- The full range of published spring ranges can be used as setpoints without affecting performance or spring life.
Sizing and Selection
- Recommend using the minimum plug diameter that meets flow requirements.
- Regulator body size should not exceed piping size. Typically, regulator body size can be one size smaller than piping.
- Do not oversize regulators. Select the minimum plug size or smallest regulator that can handle the job. Remember that most flow-limiting trim without reduced plug size will not improve small flow control.
- Most soft-seated regulators can maintain pressure within reasonable range, even at zero flow. Therefore, high-flow regulators typically have a turndown parameter to meet low-load operation when cycling stops.
- For pilot-operated regulator sizing, refer to flow coefficient Cg. For direct-operated regulator sizing, use flow tables and flow charts to calculate available flow capacity.
Temperature Considerations
- Most regulators in this catalog are suitable for 82°C / 180°F. With high-temperature fluorocarbon elastomers, regulators can handle 149°C / 300°F. Check temperature requirements to select regulator materials and available temperature range. For high-temperature applications such as steam, stainless steel diaphragms and plugs can be used.
- Due to natural refrigeration effect, for every 1.0 bar / 15 psid pressure drop across the regulator, gas temperature will decrease approximately 1°C. When ambient temperature is between -1 to 7°C / 30 to 45°F, freezing is a common issue.
إرشادات التركيب
- Since gas permeates through diaphragm material, some leakage may occur. To vent this gas, case vent ports must remain open.
- Control line size should equal or exceed regulator control connection. If a long control line is needed, use larger size. Rule of thumb: use next pipe size for every 6.1 m / 20 ft of control line. Small control lines delay regulator response, increasing instability. Control line signal tube OD should not be less than 3/8 inch.
- When using relief valves, remember that reseat pressure is lower than initial popping pressure. To prevent leakage, set relief valve setpoint sufficiently above reducing regulator setpoint.
- Connect control line to straight pipe 6-10 pipe diameters downstream of valve outlet, away from turbulent zones (such as elbows, reducers, or block valves).
- In dual-path control, if regulator is unstable, reduce pilot inlet pressure supply to decrease regulator gain or sensitivity, which may improve stability.
- Vent port should face downward to prevent moisture condensation or foreign matter from entering spring case.
- Keep vent ports open. Do not use small-diameter long vent lines. Rule of thumb: use next pipe size for every 6.1 m / 10 ft of vent line and every 0.91 m / 3 inch bend.
قراءات ذات صلة
- دليل اختيار منظم ضغط من الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ: Fisher 1098-EGR مقابل 1098H-EGR
- Fisher MR95 Pressure Reducing Valves and MR98 Backpressure Regulators: Technical Guide
- Fisher CS400IN Series: Industrial Pressure Regulator Technical Specifications
- منظم فلتر فيشر 67CFR: دليل شامل لتشخيص الأعطال وإصلاحها وقطع الغيار
- دليل اختيار صمامات فيشر: دليل فني شامل للتطبيقات الصناعية
الأسئلة الشائعة (FAQ)
What is the difference between direct-acting and pilot-operated regulators?
Direct-acting regulators use the process medium’s own pressure to actuate the valve plug against the seat. They feature simple design, robust construction, and fast response. Ideal for applications where steady-state accuracy of 10% to 20% is acceptable.
Pilot-operated regulators use a small pilot regulator to control the main valve. The pilot senses downstream pressure and modulates loading pressure to the main valve diaphragm. This eliminates droop inherent in self-operated designs, achieving precision impossible with direct-acting designs. Suitable for systems where outlet pressure variation must be less than 10% of setpoint.
How do I select the right Fisher regulator size for my application?
Per Fisher’s technical guidelines:
- Recommend using the minimum plug diameter that meets flow requirements
- Regulator body size should not exceed piping size — typically one size smaller is acceptable
- Do not oversize the regulator. Select the smallest body size that can handle the required flow
- For high-flow applications, check the turndown ratio to ensure stable operation at low flows
What is droop in pressure regulators and how does it affect performance?
Droop is the decrease in outlet pressure as flow increases through the regulator. It can be expressed as percentage, inches of water column (mbar), or pounds per square inch (bar). It represents the deviation between outlet pressure setpoint and actual outlet pressure at flowing conditions. Pilot-operated regulators minimize droop compared to direct-acting designs.
What temperature range can Fisher regulators handle?
Most regulators in this catalog are suitable for 82°C / 180°F. With high-temperature fluorocarbon elastomers, regulators can handle 149°C / 300°F. For high-temperature applications such as steam, stainless steel diaphragms and plugs are recommended. Check temperature requirements to select appropriate materials.
How should I install a Fisher pressure regulator for optimal performance?
Key installation guidelines:
- Case vent ports must remain open to prevent gas accumulation from diaphragm permeation
- Control line size should equal or exceed regulator control connection
- Use next pipe size for every 6.1 m / 20 ft of control line
- Connect control line to straight pipe 6-10 pipe diameters downstream of valve outlet
- Vent port should face downward to prevent moisture or foreign matter entry
What is tank blanketing and which regulators are suitable?
Tank blanketing (nitrogen blanketing) maintains a protective layer of inert gas over stored liquids to prevent vapor loss, contamination, and explosive atmosphere formation. Fisher regulators suitable for tank blanketing include:
- T205 / T205B: Low-pressure direct-acting regulators for precise blanketing
- Y692 / Y693: Balanced plug design for stable control
- ACE95 / ACE95jr / ACE95sr: Pilot-operated systems for large tanks
- ACE97: Pad and depad control for vapor recovery
Can one regulator handle both gas and liquid applications?
Yes, many Fisher regulators are designed for multi-media compatibility. Check the Media column in the selection tables. For example, the Type 1301, MR95, ، و 1098-EGR series handle air, steam, liquid, process gas, and natural gas. However, always verify material compatibility and consult factory for specific liquid applications.
What is the typical response speed order for different regulator types?
From fastest to slowest response:
- Direct-operated — fastest response to flow changes
- Two-path pilot-operated — balanced speed and accuracy
- Unloading pilot-operated — good for high-flow applications
- Control valve — slowest, used for precise throttling
Note: While direct-operated regulators have the fastest response, all types provide fast response suitable for most industrial applications.
تواصل مع مهندسي التطبيقات لدينا
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